Significantly affect roughness. So viscous, plastic materials that are easily processed by cutting, produce good surface roughness. At the same time, as a rule, the more solid materials it allows. Hence, when machining low alloy steels, the surface roughness more than the medium and high alloyed. This is determined mainly high content of ferrite in low carbon steel. But one of the drawbacks of ferrite is increased tendency to built-up edge.
The effect of individual chemical elements in the steel composition on the roughness enough studied and is given in reference literature.
When machining cast irons is affected by the number and shape of the particles of graphite. When machining cast iron with perlite roughness less than when machining ferrite cast irons with perlite. Increasing the amount of graphite in cast iron affect the quality of surface as it contributes to the formation of the chip fracture.
2. Material, geometry, micro-geometry and wear of the cutting tool;
Tool carbon and alloy steels at low cutting speeds give better surface; with increasing speed of 15-30 m/min, the roughness increases due to the welding of small particles of swarf to the cutting blade. TC tools shavings sticks much less, the wear is much less intense. Therefore, the processing is performed satisfactorily and in the area of high speeds.
To obtain high-quality surface cutting surfaces (blades) should be carefully shared with diamond or Alborova tool and timely pereuchivatsya.